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Complex Raw Transaction#

In this example, we’ll create a transaction with two inputs and two outputs. We’ll sign each of the inputs separately, as might happen if the two inputs belonged to different people who agreed to create a transaction together.

1. List Unspent Outputs#

> dimecoin-cli -regtest listunspent

[
  {
    "txid": "fa0f4105b0a2b2706d65581c5e6411d3970253c7f231944fa2f978b4a3d9010d",
    "vout": 0,
    "address": "7fV9Wirf5RkYHgNDttjpBz8Wdi8BavLHcP",
    "account": "",
    "scriptPubKey": "76a914d240140859744755d73e5967081c3bedceffc5db88ac",
    "amount": 499.99990000,
    "confirmations": 1,
    "ps_rounds": -2,
    "spendable": true,
    "solvable": true
  },
  {
    "txid": "f84ca4ad33ec7889d3c6ac670152137a3ee1603c4096230a10562976f700d130",
    "vout": 0,
    "address": "7Rdk89fwSW1mUBxQo5fCmEfTva7b4wh2H5",
    "account": "",
    "scriptPubKey": "76a9143a4e8960f26c1fa82d937046959b656e4dd7966688ac",
    "amount": 10.00000000,
    "confirmations": 2,
    "ps_rounds": -2,
    "spendable": true,
    "solvable": true
  },
  {
    "txid": "f84ca4ad33ec7889d3c6ac670152137a3ee1603c4096230a10562976f700d130",
    "vout": 1,
    "address": "7avnyFMebbfX4F2VC25P18FW6LS66h2wqJ",
    "scriptPubKey": "76a914a0411dbed3eab4341d5c41496d61b4fa1b22037e88ac",
    "amount": 490.00000000,
    "confirmations": 2,
    "ps_rounds": -2,
    "spendable": true,
    "solvable": true
  },
  {
    "txid": "ea6d596da55a137846f8b08bfd414b4667ce456f9e3b3182e6f05810e8613d84",
    "vout": 0,
    "address": "7WtgzKSckhedxtJ8NXhShWGjfBivkvBGgG",
    "scriptPubKey": "21023fff9c9dc9088c0aeba90d75413705091111311d761054de23\
                      acdd217450869aac",
    "amount": 500.00000000,
    "confirmations": 101,
    "ps_rounds": -2,
    "spendable": true,
    "solvable": true
  }
]

2. Select UTXOs#

For our two inputs, we select two UTXOs by placing the txid and output index numbers (vouts) in shell variables. We also save the addresses corresponding to the public keys (hashed or unhashed) used in those transactions. We need the addresses so we can get the corresponding private keys from our wallet.

> UTXO1_TXID=ea6d596da55a137846f8b08bfd414b4667ce456f9e3b3182e6f05810e8613d84
> UTXO1_VOUT=0
> UTXO1_ADDRESS=yWtgzKSckhedxtJ8NXhShWGjfBivkvBGgG

> UTXO2_TXID=f84ca4ad33ec7889d3c6ac670152137a3ee1603c4096230a10562976f700d130
> UTXO2_VOUT=0
> UTXO2_ADDRESS=yRdk89fwSW1mUBxQo5fCmEfTva7b4wh2H5

3. Get Private Keys#

Warning

Users should never manually manage private keys on mainnet. As dangerous as raw transactions are (see warnings above), making a mistake with a private key can be much worse—as in the case of a HD wallet cross-generational key compromise. These examples are to help you learn, not for you to emulate on mainnet.

Use the dumpprivkey RPC to get the private keys corresponding to the public keys used in the two UTXOs our inputs we will be spending. We need the private keys so we can sign each of the inputs separately.

> dimecoin-cli -regtest dumpprivkey $UTXO1_ADDRESS
cNL522MEQUnQxsZJo4ryPH8sPd2uVZaFKjKnZivo9DyVjpAGU7qP

> dimecoin-cli -regtest dumpprivkey $UTXO2_ADDRESS
cPtZ9nagmjQ5bRKMuqoDz8xni6hRPfZ1zp3TSrqH3j3RyUThTYGN

> UTXO1_PRIVATE_KEY=cNL522MEQUnQxsZJo4ryPH8sPd2uVZaFKjKnZivo9DyVjpAGU7qP

> UTXO2_PRIVATE_KEY=cPtZ9nagmjQ5bRKMuqoDz8xni6hRPfZ1zp3TSrqH3j3RyUThTYGN

4. Get New Addresses#

For our two outputs, get two new addresses.

> dimecoin-cli -regtest getnewaddress
7hshGrdbh3rWt9EPaSi7xSGRFMvFdzTZ8n
> dimecoin-cli -regtest getnewaddress
7esLaP5XFTaLZiWAo2zK8mFfUCtV8rRhKw

> NEW_ADDRESS1=yhshGrdbh3rWt9EPaSi7xSGRFMvFdzTZ8n
> NEW_ADDRESS2=yesLaP5XFTaLZiWAo2zK8mFfUCtV8rRhKw

5. Create Raw Transaction#

Create the raw transaction using the createrawtransaction RPC much the same as before, except now we have two inputs and two outputs.

### Outputs - inputs = transaction fee, so always double-check your math!
> dimecoin-cli -regtest createrawtransaction '''
    [
      {
        "txid": "'$UTXO1_TXID'",
        "vout": '$UTXO1_VOUT'
      },
      {
        "txid": "'$UTXO2_TXID'",
        "vout": '$UTXO2_VOUT'
      }
    ]
    ''' '''
    {
      "'$NEW_ADDRESS1'": 499.9999,
      "'$NEW_ADDRESS2'": 10
    }'''
0100000002843d61e81058f0e682313b9e6f45ce67464b41fd8bb0f84678135a\
a56d596dea0000000000ffffffff30d100f7762956100a2396403c60e13e7a13\
520167acc6d38978ec33ada44cf80000000000ffffffff02f04c3ba40b000000\
1976a914ec73fe6129b249617bb5f20c8760708055fb6fdb88ac00ca9a3b0000\
00001976a914cb7a56b046479f8c247875d672d3e1aed18c33f488ac00000000

> RAW_TX=0100000002843d61e81058f0e682313b9e6f45ce67464b41fd8bb0f[...]

6. Sign Raw Transaction#

Signing the raw transaction with signrawtransactionwithkey gets more complicated as we now have two arguments:

  1. The unsigned raw transaction.

  2. The private key we want to use to sign one of the inputs.

6a. First Input#

The result is a raw transaction with only one input signed; the fact that the transaction isn’t fully signed is indicated by value of the complete JSON field. We save the incomplete, partly-signed raw transaction hex to a shell variable.

> dimecoin-cli -regtest signrawtransaction $RAW_TX '''
    [
      "'$UTXO1_PRIVATE_KEY'"
    ]'''

{
  "hex": "0100000002843d61e81058f0e682313b9e6f45ce67464b41fd8bb0\
  f84678135aa56d596dea00000000494830450221009f7f356c0cc2d3337b5f\
  76dfc6de9f9be7c8c5ac2074cbeeba4815b90329602002207790f23361480e\
  2a5a2d1fa6e293ccd5cd01279ad301176f091b84d6dd8e8f6501ffffffff30\
  d100f7762956100a2396403c60e13e7a13520167acc6d38978ec33ada44cf8\
  0000000000ffffffff02f04c3ba40b0000001976a914ec73fe6129b249617b\
  b5f20c8760708055fb6fdb88ac00ca9a3b000000001976a914cb7a56b04647\
  9f8c247875d672d3e1aed18c33f488ac00000000",
  "complete": false,
  "errors": [
    {
      "txid": "f84ca4ad33ec7889d3c6ac670152137a3ee1603c4096230a1\
                0562976f700d130",
      "vout": 0,
      "scriptSig": "",
      "sequence": 4294967295,
      "error": "Unable to sign input, invalid stack size (possibly missing key)"
    }
  ]
}

> PARTLY_SIGNED_RAW_TX=0100000002843d61e81058f0e682313b9e6f45ce6[...]

6b. Second input#

To sign the second input, we repeat the process we used to sign the first input using the second private key. Now that both inputs are signed, the complete result is true.

> dimecoin-cli -regtest signrawtransaction $PARTLY_SIGNED_RAW_TX '''
    [
      "'$UTXO2_PRIVATE_KEY'"
    ]'''

{
  "hex": "0100000002843d61e81058f0e682313b9e6f45ce67464b41fd8bb0\
  f84678135aa56d596dea00000000494830450221009f7f356c0cc2d3337b5f\
  76dfc6de9f9be7c8c5ac2074cbeeba4815b90329602002207790f23361480e\
  2a5a2d1fa6e293ccd5cd01279ad301176f091b84d6dd8e8f6501ffffffff30\
  d100f7762956100a2396403c60e13e7a13520167acc6d38978ec33ada44cf8\
  000000006a47304402207867e88e3fe2c926df29376d77eba81daf9f4a5573\
  44d4f02e9c7dcee96a51e4022076274c2365dc069e7ef797c95c75ab6e01ca\
  3757342f3e6f21a3d9d01086efb7012102ff9005f79aa4c22ac48fa93d9b7f\
  40f321db1c13cd70cf08bdab3e23c8d19620ffffffff02f04c3ba40b000000\
  1976a914ec73fe6129b249617bb5f20c8760708055fb6fdb88ac00ca9a3b00\
  0000001976a914cb7a56b046479f8c247875d672d3e1aed18c33f488ac0000\
  0000",
  "complete": true
}

Clean up the shell variables used. Unlike previous subsections, we’re not going to send this transaction to the connected node with sendrawtransaction. This will allow us to illustrate in the Offline Signing subsection below how to spend a transaction which is not yet in the blockchain or memory pool.

> unset PARTLY_SIGNED_RAW_TX RAW_TX NEW_ADDRESS1 [...]